It looks like tonemapping ate encoder's lunch ;) RADV_PERFTEST=video_decode,video_encode time -p ./ffmpeg -init_hw_device vulkan=vulkan -filter_hw_device vulkan -hwaccel vulkan -i ~/K38_sdcard1/Documents/iPhone11_4K-recorder_59.940HDR10.mov -vf libplacebo=format=yuv444p:w=1920:h=1080:force_original_aspect_ratio=decrease:normalize_sar=true:upscaler=ewa_lanczos:downscaler=ewa_lanczos:colorspace=bt709:color_primaries=bt709:color_trc=bt709:range=tv -c:a copy -c:v ffv1_vulkan -slicecrc 0 -level 4 -strict -2 -async_depth 5 -slices_v 32 -slices_h 32 -f matroska -benchmark /dev/null frame= 1148 fps=4.6 q=-0.0 Lsize= 2302672KiB time=00:00:19.16 bitrate=984419.6kbits/s speed=0.0769x bench: utime=28.586s stime=20.721s rtime=249.150s bench: maxrss=587076KiB real 251.00 user 28.67 sys 20.79 ===== But may be faster GPU/pcie bus like in Andrea's machine will speed it up enough to be practical