[Cin] Adding soft subtitles to a DVD video

Andrew Randrianasulu randrianasulu at gmail.com
Tue Feb 13 03:26:33 CET 2024 

вт, 13 февр. 2024 г., 05:20 Andrew Randrianasulu <randrianasulu at gmail.com>:

>
>
> вт, 13 февр. 2024 г., 03:42 Terje J. Hanssen <terjejhanssen at gmail.com>:
>
>>
>>
>> Den 12.02.2024 00:07, skrev Andrew Randrianasulu:
>>
>>
>>
>> пн, 12 февр. 2024 г., 02:02 Terje J. Hanssen <terjejhanssen at gmail.com>:
>>
>>>
>>>
>>> Den 11.02.2024 04:36, skrev Terje J. Hanssen:
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>> Den 11.02.2024 00:57, skrev Andrew Randrianasulu:
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>> сб, 10 февр. 2024 г., 21:10 Terje J. Hanssen via Cin <
>>> cin at lists.cinelerra-gg.org>:
>>>
>>>> There are two things I want to add to my current intermediate DVD mpg
>>>> video files created with ffmpeg, and/or to the DVD tree structure created
>>>> with DeVeDeNG:
>>>>
>>>> 1. Create and add a Navigation menu in the beginning
>>>> This will be an upcoming, separate topic
>>>>
>>>> 2. Create and add Soft Subtitles as simple text info commentaries to
>>>> the video content
>>>> This is the topic for this post.
>>>>
>>>>
>>>> The reason that I want *Soft* Subtitles as a separate text file stream
>>>> related to timing, is because this should be possible to *add* or
>>>> import to an existing video file  without the need to re-encode. It should
>>>> also be flexible to display on or off during playback, if I have understood
>>>> this correct so far.
>>>>
>>>
>>>
>>> IIRC you can't add text-based subtitles to DVD video. Blu-ray yes, dvd
>>> no (both can use palletized reduced-color graphical subtitles) ... so at
>>> least rendering text as palletized picture and then muxing it into mpeg
>>> stream is unavoidable step,as far as I understand.
>>>
>>>
>>> I have prepared a new video file and will try to add sub-titles
>>> to-morrow
>>>
>>> http://www.g-raffa.eu/Cinelerra/HOWTO/subtitles.html#_how_to_create_soft_subtitles
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>> There are written several articles and answers to forum topics about
>>> adding soft subtitles to video.
>>> My best but only partly working attempt so far, is by applying this
>>> solution on StackOverflow:
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>> *Use ffmpeg to add text subtitles: NOTE: This solution adds the
>>> subtitles to the video as a separate optional (and user-controlled)
>>> subtitle track.
>>> https://stackoverflow.com/questions/8672809/use-ffmpeg-to-add-text-subtitles
>>> <https://stackoverflow.com/questions/8672809/use-ffmpeg-to-add-text-subtitles>
>>> *1) First I created a DVD-video compliant MPG file with pcm audio from
>>> DV source (as previously)
>>>
>>> ffmpeg -hide_banner -i DV09-1993.dv -f dvd -target pal-dvd -aspect 4:3
>>> -b:v 8M -maxrate 8M -minrate 8M -bufsize 20M -muxrate 20M -mbd rd -trellis
>>> 1 -cmp 0 -subcmp 2 -c:a pcm_dvd DV09-1993.mpg
>>>
>>>
>>> 2) Created the attached srt subtitle file:
>>>
>>> DVD-09-1993_subtitle.srt
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>> 3) Added (muxed) the soft, external subtitle file (2) as a separate
>>> track to the mpg video file (1)
>>>
>>> ffmpeg -hide_banner -i DV09-1993.mpg -i DVD-09-1993_subtitle.srt -c:v
>>> copy -c:a copy -c:s copy DV09-1993+srt.mpg
>>>
>>> [mpeg @ 0x55aac13139c0] start time for stream 0 is not set in
>>> estimate_timings_from_pts
>>> Input #0, mpeg, from 'DV09-1993.mpg':
>>>   Duration: 00:28:04.44, start: 0.540000, bitrate: 9701 kb/s
>>>   Stream #0:0[0x1bf]: Data: dvd_nav_packet
>>>   Stream #0:1[0x1e0]: Video: mpeg2video (Main), yuv420p(tv,
>>> progressive), 720x576 [SAR 16:15 DAR 4:3], 25 fps, 25 tbr, 90k tbn
>>>     Side data:
>>>       cpb: bitrate max/min/avg: 9000000/0/0 buffer size: 1835008
>>> vbv_delay: N/A
>>>   Stream #0:2[0xa0]: Audio: pcm_dvd, 48000 Hz, stereo, s16, 1536 kb/s
>>> Input #1, srt, from 'DVD-09-1993_subtitle.srt':
>>>   Duration: N/A, bitrate: N/A
>>>   Stream #1:0: Subtitle: subrip
>>>
>>> [mpeg @ 0x55aac134b140] pcm_dvd in MPEG-1 system streams is not widely
>>> supported, consider using the vob or the dvd muxer to force a MPEG-2
>>> program stream.
>>> Output #0, mpeg, to 'DV09-1993+srt.mpg':
>>>   Metadata:
>>>     encoder         : Lavf60.16.100
>>>   Stream #0:0: Video: mpeg2video (Main), yuv420p(tv, progressive),
>>> 720x576 [SAR 16:15 DAR 4:3], q=2-31, 25 fps, 25 tbr, 90k tbn
>>>     Side data:
>>>       cpb: bitrate max/min/avg: 9000000/0/0 buffer size: 1835008
>>> vbv_delay: N/A
>>>   Stream #0:1: Audio: pcm_dvd, 48000 Hz, stereo, s16, 1536 kb/s
>>>   Stream #0:2: Subtitle: subrip
>>> Stream mapping:
>>>   Stream #0:1 -> #0:0 (copy)
>>>   Stream #0:2 -> #0:1 (copy)
>>>   Stream #1:0 -> #0:2 (copy)
>>> Press [q] to stop, [?] for help
>>> [out#0/mpeg @ 0x55aac134af80] video:1644910kB audio:316303kB
>>> subtitle:0kB other streams:0kB global headers:0kB muxing overhead: 0.561824%
>>> size= 1972232kB time=00:28:04.44 bitrate=9591.6kbits/s speed= 378x
>>>
>>>
>>> 4) Successful Playback of the final video and Audio with subtitles using
>>> a "reinforced" FFplay command - also found on StackOverflow
>>> https://stackoverflow.com/questions/50175075/can-ffplay-view-subtitles
>>>
>>> ffplay -hide_banner -vf subtitles=DVD-09-1993_subtitle.srt
>>> DV09-1993+srt.mpg
>>>
>>
>> isn't this command just uses external srt and not muxed one?
>>
>>
>> Yes, I think you'r right, and I wondered a bit about it, but had no
>> keyboard shortcut for ffplay to test switching subtitles on and off.
>>
>> So, afterwards I was more convinced - and fooled, when both Gnome Media
>> player (Totem) and SMplayer automatically displayed the subtitles.
>> But that was when the srt subtitle file had the same name as the mpg
>> video file and was located in the same directory. But this worked as well
>> with the first mpg file (1).
>>
>> The command line "vlc dvd.mpg dvd.srt" also worked with audio. Why both
>> VLC and MPlayer lost the audio with the srt muxed mpg file I have no idea
>> about.
>> -----------------------------
>>
>> From your first reply:
>>
>> rendering text as palletized picture and then muxing it into mpeg stream
>> is unavoidable step,as far as I understand.
>> But may be those DVD creation guis can do srt => dvd_sub conversion for
>> you ?
>>
>>
>> Andrey mentioned the "srt2vobsub" program,  which seems to the same as
>> the "srt2vob" script for DVD and "2dsub" for BD vobsub
>>
>> https://web.archive.org/web/20130728210155/https://code.google.com/p/srt2vob
>>
>>
>> And from my reference to g-raffa:
>>
>> PRE-RENDERED SUBTITLES
>>     they are added (muxed) to the video stream as images with minimal
>> information but can be separated (demuxed) when needed. They are used in
>> DVDs         and they can be turned on and off.
>>     Most DVD authoring applications are capable of transcoding external
>> subtitles to pre-rendered subtitles and of muxing them to the video stream.
>>
>>
>> Regarding the last sentece, this article describes the wanted solution -
>> but on Linux ...?
>> https://robots.net/tech/how-to-burn-dvd-with-subtitles-srt/
>>
>> while another article points on Handbrake as the best solution for  most
>> users (?)
>> https://helpdeskgeek.com/how-to/how-to-burn-a-dvd-disc-with-subtitles/
>>
>>
>> Re 8) above
>> I also send a request to Raster soft why DeVeDeNG exits with an error
>> before finishing the mpg video file and creating the iso.
>>
>
> may be this tip from 2015 will help with devede-ng too?
>
> https://momentstuff.wordpress.com/2015/10/29/subtitles-with-devede/
>


also be aware about non-utf8 subtitles with this method (possibly rare
nowadays but still). devede-ng should have dropdown menu for selecting it.

https://groups.google.com/g/devede-forum/c/2Thoie_DSXQ


>
>
>
>
>>
>>
>>
>> Input #0, mpeg, from 'DV09-1993+srt.mpg':=    0KB sq=    0B f=0/0
>>>   Duration: 00:28:04.45, start: 0.540000, bitrate: 9591 kb/s
>>>   Stream #0:0[0x1e0]: Video: mpeg2video (Main), yuv420p(tv,
>>> progressive), 720x576 [SAR 16:15 DAR 4:3], 25 fps, 25 tbr, 90k tbn
>>>     Side data:
>>>       cpb: bitrate max/min/avg: 9000000/0/0 buffer size: 1835008
>>> vbv_delay: N/A
>>>   Stream #0:1[0xa0]: Audio: pcm_dvd, 48000 Hz, stereo, s16, 1536 kb/s
>>> [Parsed_subtitles_0 @ 0x7f7368464340] Shaper: FriBidi 0.19.6 (SIMPLE)
>>> HarfBuzz-ng 3.4.0 (COMPLEX)
>>> [Parsed_subtitles_0 @ 0x7f7368464340] Using font provider fontconfig
>>> [Parsed_subtitles_0 @ 0x7f7368464340] fontselect: (Arial, 400, 0) ->
>>> /usr/share/fonts/truetype/LiberationSans-Regular.ttf, 0, LiberationSans
>>>   39.75 A-V:  0.002 fd=   0 aq=  190KB vq= 1222KB sq=    0B f=0/0
>>>
>>>
>>> 5) Playback using VLC
>>>
>>>    - OK playback of video and subtitles when adding the subtitle file
>>>    - BUT: The AUDIO is lost in VLC !?
>>>    - Have looked into several menu items (unmute and force volume on)
>>>
>>>
>>> Additional I wonder:
>>>
>>> du -sh DV*.mpg
>>>
>>> 2,0G    DV09-1993.mpg (1)
>>> 1,9G    DV09-1993+srt.mpg (3)
>>>
>>> 6) Why is the merged (subtitled) file (3) smaller than the initial file
>>> (1)?
>>> Even that the srt file is very small, it should rather be opposite
>>> .........
>>>
>>> 7) And why the ffmpeg output (3), when the initial input mpg file (1)
>>> was created using "-f dvd -target pal-dvd", which I thought was just MPEG-2
>>> and vob?
>>>
>>> [mpeg @ 0x55aac134b140] pcm_dvd in MPEG-1 system streams is not widely
>>> supported, consider using the vob or the dvd muxer to force a MPEG-2
>>> program stream.
>>>
>>>
>>> 8) DevedeNG got so far an error while creating the DVD iso from (3)
>>> Tested the movie file in the tree structure with VLC, and also that
>>> without audio.....
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>> But may be those DVD creation guis can do srt => dvd_sub conversion for
>>> you ?
>>>
>>>>
>>>> 2.1 Preferably I want to add/import subtitles as fast and easy using
>>>> GUI interactive tools like DeVeDeNG or VLC if possible?
>>>> Next thereafter could be using the more time consuming ffmpeg
>>>>
>>>> https://www.baeldung.com/linux/subtitles-ffmpeg#how-to-add-soft-subtitles
>>>>
>>>> 2.2 So is the question if learning a special subtitle editor is
>>>> necessary to create the text file easier, like one of these 5
>>>> https://www.debugpoint.com/3-great-subtitle-editors-in-linux-systems/
>>>>
>>>> Tip, suggestions or experience how to do this?
>>>>
>>>>
>>>>
>>>>
>>>>
>>>>
>>>>
>>>> --
>>>> Cin mailing list
>>>> Cin at lists.cinelerra-gg.org
>>>> https://lists.cinelerra-gg.org/mailman/listinfo/cin
>>>>
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>
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